MT3NM: Numerical Modelling for Weather and Climate Science

Module code: MT3NM

Module provider: Meteorology; School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences

Credits: 20

Level: Level 3 (Honours)

When you'll be taught: Semester 1

Module convenor: Dr Tom Frame, email: t.h.a.frame@reading.ac.uk

Pre-requisite module(s): BEFORE TAKING THIS MODULE YOU MUST TAKE MT2NSM OR TAKE MT24C OR TAKE MT2NSMNU OR TAKE MT24CNU (Compulsory)

Co-requisite module(s):

Pre-requisite or Co-requisite module(s):

Module(s) excluded:

Placement information: NA

Academic year: 2024/5

Available to visiting students: Yes

Talis reading list: Yes

Last updated: 21 May 2024

Overview

Module aims and purpose

How do computer models for weather forecasting and climate prediction work?

The aim of this module is to develop a theoretical and practical understanding of the methods used in numerical models for operational weather prediction, climate simulation and climate change prediction including coupled atmosphere/ocean models and earth-system models.

Students taking this module will develop an understanding of the structure of computer models, how they are used and many of the limitations arising from design constraints. They will learn the similarities and differences between models designed for weather and climate prediction. They will also develop their computer programming skills as they build their own model of the atmosphere or ocean and use it to perform experiments.

Module learning outcomes

By the end of the module, it is expected that students will be able to:

1. Understand and discuss in some detail all the components of numerical weather-forecast, climate and earth system models.
2. Construct a simplified atmosphere or ocean model using the python programming language.
3. Use a computer model to undertake experiments studying theoretical concepts in atmospheric and ocean dynamics and real-world prediction.

Module content

• History of weather forecasting, general circulation models and climate science.
• Equations of motion.
• Consistent simplifications of the equations of motion, including hydrostatic, anelastic, boussinesq, shallow water, barotropic and equivalent barotropic vorticity equations.
• Finite difference discretisation of partial differential equations.
• Other numerical techniques for pde’s.
• Parametrisation of atmospheric processes.
• Atmosphere/ocean coupled models.
• Simulating the earth system.
• Data assimilation and initialization in Numerical Weather Prediction.
• How models are designed for super-computers.
• Chaos and uncertainty: dynamical systems, predictability and ensembles.

Structure

Teaching and learning methods

Theory is presented in three interactive 50 minute lectures per week and one self-study video. As various equations and solution techniques are introduced, students will implement their own versions, in their independent study time and with in-class feedback during one two-hour interactive computer practical class per week. They will thus gradually build up components of a simple but realistic atmospheric model and develop the skills to use this to test theoretical and practical concepts.

Study hours

At least 50 hours of scheduled teaching and learning activities will be delivered in person, with the remaining hours for scheduled and self-scheduled teaching and learning activities delivered either in person or online. You will receive further details about how these hours will be delivered before the start of the module.

Please note the independent study hours above are notional numbers of hours; each student will approach studying in different ways. We would advise you to reflect on your learning and the number of hours you are allocating to these tasks.

Semester 1 The hours in this column may include hours during the Christmas holiday period.

Semester 2 The hours in this column may include hours during the Easter holiday period.

Summer The hours in this column will take place during the summer holidays and may be at the start and/or end of the module.

Assessment

Requirements for a pass

Students need to achieve an overall module mark of 40% to pass this module.

Summative assessment

Penalties for late submission of summative assessment

The Support Centres will apply the following penalties for work submitted late:

Assessments with numerical marks

• where the piece of work is submitted after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension to the deadline): 10% of the total marks available for that piece of work will be deducted from the mark for each working day (or part thereof) following the deadline up to a total of three working days;
• the mark awarded due to the imposition of the penalty shall not fall below the threshold pass mark, namely 40% in the case of modules at Levels 4-6 (i.e. undergraduate modules for Parts 1-3) and 50% in the case of Level 7 modules offered as part of an Integrated Masters or taught postgraduate degree programme;
• where the piece of work is awarded a mark below the threshold pass mark prior to any penalty being imposed, and is submitted up to three working days after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension to the deadline), no penalty shall be imposed;
• where the piece of work is submitted more than three working days after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension to the deadline): a mark of zero will be recorded.

Assessments marked Pass/Fail

• where the piece of work is submitted within three working days of the deadline (or any formally agreed extension of the deadline): no penalty will be applied;
• where the piece of work is submitted more than three working days after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension of the deadline): a grade of Fail will be awarded.

The University policy statement on penalties for late submission can be found at: https://www.reading.ac.uk/cqsd/-/media/project/functions/cqsd/documents/qap/penaltiesforlatesubmission.pdf

You are strongly advised to ensure that coursework is submitted by the relevant deadline. You should note that it is advisable to submit work in an unfinished state rather than to fail to submit any work.

Formative assessment

Formative assessment is any task or activity which creates feedback (or feedforward) for you about your learning, but which does not contribute towards your overall module mark.

During the term, students will be given a series of programming tasks. Results and code will be reviewed and discussed during practical sessions.

Reassessment

Additional costs