BI2AP12-Anatomy & Physiology 2
Module Provider: School of Biological Sciences
Number of credits: 30 [15 ECTS credits]
Level:5
Terms in which taught: Autumn / Spring term module
Pre-requisites: BI1AP12 Anatomy & Physiology
Non-modular pre-requisites:
Co-requisites:
Modules excluded: BI2BB4 Endocrinology
Current from: 2022/3
Module Convenor: Dr Natasha Barrett
Email: n.e.barrett@reading.ac.uk
Type of module:
Summary module description:
The Human body is amazing! Our hearts beat 100,000 times a day; we produce 1.5 litres of saliva every day; our kidneys filter 180 litres of blood a day (but we only urinate about 1.5 litres); our finger tips are sensitive enough to detect miniscule changes in a surface; we can (nearly) always fit in a sweet dessert! Anatomy and Physiology 2 builds on the foundations of Part 1 Anatomy and Physiology to explore Human medical anatomy (structure) and physiology (function) and its application to a clinical setting. Whilst focussing on the context of a healthy adult, the module also introduces how the structure and function may differ for individuals. We’ll explore how lifestyle, socio-economic factors, gender, ethnicity and ageing (from pregnancy, through paediatrics, to geriatrics) each affect the body’s structure and function. Theoretical knowledge is gained through lectures and then applied in practical classes by learning to carry out clinical examinations.
Aims:
- To provide students with a detailed understanding of Human medical anatomy and physiology and its application to the clinical setting.
- To introduce how the structure and function changes through the ageing process, from pregnancy (including developmental biology), through paediatrics, adolescence, adulthood and geriatrics.
- To explore how lifestyle, socio-economic factors, gender and ethnicity influence structure and function of the body’s systems.
- To develop an understanding of how common diseases or trauma can affect normal functioning of tissues and organs.
Assessable learning outcomes:
At the end of the course students should be able to:
- LO1: Explain the anatomy (structure) and physiology (function) of the Human body in the context of a healthy adult.
- LO2: Demonstrate an ability to understand and use scientific and medical terminology appropriate to the anatomical regions being studied.
- LO3: Identify anatomical features on medical images and/or specimens
- LO4: To recognise the integration of tissues, organs and systems to create a Human.
- LO5: To assess how structure and function of the body differs through ageing (from embryogenesis / pregnancy, through infancy, childhood and adolescence to adulthood and geriatrics).
- LO6: To assess how lifestyle, socio-economic factors, gender and ethnicity influence the structure and function of the body’s systems.
- LO7: Apply anatomical and physiological knowledge to the clinical setting.
- LO8: Discuss the impact of common pathologies and trauma upon normal function.
Additional outcomes:
- Develop suitable practical skills (basic laboratory techniques and clinical examination skills).
- Develop data analysis skills such as arithmetical skills in calculations based on practical exercises.
- Develop the ability to work collaboratively as a member of a small team through learning activities.
- Develop written and/or oral communication skills, tailored to specific audiences.
- Develop data presentation skills such as the production of graphical data and/or reports.
- Develop critical analysis skills through reflection on the quality of data produced.
- Develop critical analysis skills through reflection on the sources of anatomy and physiology information (typically based on white, European, males).
- Develop computer literacy through completion and submission of coursework.
- Develop self- and peer-evaluation skills.
Outline content:
The topics will be delivered over 4 blocks (2 per term):
- Communication
- Intake and elimination
- Protection
- Integration
The lectures cover the main systems within the body including :
- Communication:
- Introduction to Anatomy
- Introduction to Physiology (homeostasis, body fluids)
- Blood system
- Cardiovascular system (including lymphatics)
- Nervous system
- Special senses (eyes, ears, nose and throat)
Intake and Elimination:
- Respiratory system
- Gastro-intestinal system
- Urinary system
Protection:
- Skin
- Immune system
- Musculo-skeletal system
Integration:
- Endocrine system
- Reproductive systems
Practical and/or seminar sessions apply some of the theory covered in lectures and integrate the systems, whilst highlighting the differences seen in the diverse UK population.
Seminars will explore some of the anatomical, physiological and health diversity seen in the UK population. We will explore topics such as health inequalities of gender, ethnicity and ageing. Seminars will also provide timetabled Teamwork sessions for group assignments.
Practical sessions aim to deepen anatomical and physiological knowledge through application of some of the theory covered in the lectures to clinical examination of different body systems. The emphasis is on the underpinning anatomy and physiology rather than technical competency.
Trigger warning:
This module contains numerous themes / topics that some people may find challenging. Every week will include potentially graphic images / videos showing the human body, as well as content on specific health conditions / diseases, death / dying, and may include images or videos of human or animal dissections. We will also be exploring how factors such as gender, ethnicity, race, racism, classism etc. influence the anatomy and physiology of the body. There is no intent to upset individuals, but that does not mean that we should avoid learning about, and discussing, challenging topics.
During the practical classes students will be carrying out clinical examinations of each other. In class this typically involves physical contact through clothing. Consent must first be obtained, and students uncomfortable with physical contact can either observe or work on their own body. When carrying out clinical examinations in a large class, there is a reasonably high probability that some abnormal results will be obtained that may indicate health concerns. Any concerns can be followed up with your own healthcare provider.
Global context:
A clinical-based approach to understand anatomy and physiology in Humans.
Brief description of teaching and learning methods:
Theoretical knowledge will be gained through formal lectures and then be applied in practical and/or case study sessions.
| Autumn | Spring | Summer | |
| Lectures | 40 | 40 | |
| Seminars | 10 | 10 | |
| Practicals classes and workshops | 8 | 8 | |
| Guided independent study: | |||
| Wider reading (independent) | 15 | 15 | |
| Exam revision/preparation | 6 | 6 | 30 |
| Advance preparation for classes | 6 | 6 | |
| Preparation for seminars | 2 | 2 | |
| Preparation of practical report | 20 | 48 | |
| Group study tasks | 4 | 4 | |
| Reflection | 10 | 10 | |
| Total hours by term | 121 | 149 | 30 |
| Total hours for module | 300 |
| Method | Percentage |
| Written exam | 60 |
| Set exercise | 40 |
Summative assessment- Examinations:
Two hour examination
Summative assessment- Coursework and in-class tests:
Online assignments integrating the lecture content, practical classes and seminar sessions will contribute to the overall coursework assessment. For practical classes, in order to obtain a mark, it is necessary to both attend the classes and to submit the relevant assignment. No mark will be given to the assignment unless the attendance register has been signed at the relevant class.
Formative assessment methods:
Formative assessment and verbal feedback of practical laboratory skills will be given continuously during all practical and seminar sessions.
Practice examination questions, with answers for self-assessment, are made available on blackboard and/or in a revision session.
Penalties for late submission:
The Support Centres will apply the following penalties for work submitted late:
- where the piece of work is submitted after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension to the deadline): 10% of the total marks available for that piece of work will be deducted from the mark for each working day (or part thereof) following the deadline up to a total of five working days;
- where the piece of work is submitted more than five working days after the original deadline (or any formally agreed extension to the deadline): a mark of zero will be recorded.
You are strongly advised to ensure that coursework is submitted by the relevant deadline. You should note that it is advisable to submit work in an unfinished state rather than to fail to submit any work.
Assessment requirements for a pass:
A mark of 40% overall
Reassessment arrangements:
Re-examination in August/September.
Additional Costs (specified where applicable):
1) Required text books: Recommended text books are available in the library, or to purchase if students prefer. Wider reading of journal articles is also recommended and suitable ones can be accessed for free through the library.
2) Specialist equipment or materials: Practical classes and associated online assignments may require use of a calculator, ruler, paper, pens and pencils.
3) Specialist clothing, footwear or headgear: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) will be provided in laboratory classes. In compliance with the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 1992 Act, while studying this module students will be expected to wear the following item/s: Lab coat/Safety glasses/Safety gloves.
4) Printing and binding: None
5) Computers and devices with a particular specification: Online assignments will need to be completed on a standard computer over the internet. Students can use their own or one of the university computers in computer rooms around campus.
6) Travel, accommodation and subsistence: None
Last updated: 5 October 2022
THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS MODULE DESCRIPTION DOES NOT FORM ANY PART OF A STUDENT'S CONTRACT.