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This axle arming iron and plate were fixed to the arm of a wooden axle (of a wagon) to take the wear of the box in the revolving wheel. The plates, known as clout plates, were fixed flush with the wood and were fastened with special countersunk nails. Usually there were three plates to a single wooden arm. The iron which prevented lateral wear in the sideways movement of the axle was known as a clout iron, and consisted of a half circular ring attached to the end of the axle bed. Two metal ears each with a number of nail holes, for attaching to the axle bed itself, are found at right angles to the ring.

1 axle arming iron and plate: metal (iron)